The Glen Ridge Rape Essay Example For Students

The Glen Ridge Rape Essay Bernard Lefkowitzs Our Guys raises a lot of issues, all of which have been discussed throughout this semester. Just a few pages into the book, words had already begun to jump out at me, capturing my attention. The kids in Newark, black and brown, speaking Spanglish, hoods over their heads, wheeling their stolen cars over to the local chop shop they were aliens in America. Strange, forever separate and separated from the American ideal. But these Glen Ridge kids, they were pure gold, every mothers dream, every fathers pride. They were not only Glen Ridges finest, but in their perfection they belonged to all of us. They were Our Guys (page 7). This is a story about White Privilege, I thought. After reading the next two pages, I changed my mind. I wanted to understand how their status as young athlete celebrities in Glen Ridge influenced their treatment of girls and women, particularly those of their age..I was especially curious about what license they were permitted as a clique of admired athletes and how that magnified the sense of superiority they felt as individuals (pages 8-9). Oh! This i s a story about jock culture, I thought. We will write a custom essay on The Glen Ridge Rape specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now I had only touched the surface. Later on, I realized Our Guys was about jock culture and white privilegeas well as rape cultures and patriarchy, male privilege and compulsory heterosexuality, pornography, accountability and blame the victim. All of these issues were part of this, a real life story, a real rape. Reading the story of the Glen Ridge Rape, I was able to make observations and draw conclusions that Ridgers who lived inside their glass bubbles werent able to make. They didnt realize what type of things they were teaching their children. Morals and values are instilled into a person at a very early age. It can start at birth. Males of Glen Ridge were taught that they had power and were expected to do certain things. In their youth sons were permitted and even expected to raise a little hell. There was a boys-will-be-boys attitude that went back to the nineteen fifties.Boys were supposed to be vigorous, assertive, competitive; they were expected to test the boundaries of behavior within clearly established limits (page 63). This is what boys learned at such an early age. Many of them grew up in male dominant families. Patriarchy was practiced in many homes. Male influence made it difficult for most of them to establish strong relationships with or learn to appreciate members of the opposite sex. Something else that was taught to the young boys of Glen Ridge was the importance of athletics. .Exclusively male Glen Ridge brotherhood of athletes; the masculine style established at home was reinforced on the towns playing fields (page 69). The Glen Ridge image was something everyone was measured against. The image was that the successful kid was attractive, well groomed, articulate, and doing well in school or in some enterprise, like sports. If you didnt meet these standards, you could be treated like an outcast (page 75). These were the idealized standards held by the town for its young males. If you didnt meet them, you were subject to ridicule and isolation, sometimes even abuse and torture. Its one thing to introduce athletics to a child as an extracurricular activity, or because of its benefits, but its quite another to push them toward it because theyll never be considered a real man because they dont play on the field. Not only was jock culture a huge part of Glen Ridge life, but being a jock also had its responsibilites. Jocks got drunk at partiesacted boorishlywere sometimes a little more aggressive with girls than manners permitted. Mainly, though, parents believed that this behavior fit within the boundaries of boys will be boys (page 73). I cant help but wonder what in the world were these people thinking? Where do you draw the line? If you let your son behave a little aggressively on occasion and teach him that this is what real men do, whats to stop that same boy from pushing up on young women, lashing out at someone or even committing rape? Theyll think its okay because its part of being a male.a male in Glen Ridge. Not only did parents tolerate this behavior from their sons, but the entire town tolerated it from all the boys, even in school. Some teachersthey tolerated behavior from the boys that they would have punished had it come from a girl (page 83). .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b , .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b .postImageUrl , .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b , .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b:hover , .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b:visited , .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b:active { border:0!important; } .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b:active , .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5a8d3010b0472559390abca3e63cb32b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Wellness centers, health clubs, gyms and spas are EssayThis exaggeration of how men were supposed to behave fed into the rape culture that Glen Ridge was a part of. Examples of rape culture would be rape, harassment, assault, aggressiveness, dominance, and even patriarchy. Sounds like Glen Ridge to me. In a rape culture, people gradually conform to standards of rape, sometimes without realizing it. You learn to accept certain behaviors that wouldnt normally be accepted or found in other cultures. Sounds like Glen Ridge to me. Unconsciously, Ridgers made their town a rape culture and made it part of their everyday lives. It was accepted and expected. Boys will be boys. If y ou didnt meet the standards, you werent a real man. The jocks who were always in the spotlight were Paul Archer, Richie Corcoran, Kyle and Kevin Scherzer, and Peter Quigley. They were in the limelight on the field, in the social scene and even in school. They explored the outer limits by lashing out sexually. They would snap bra straps, push girls up against lockers and make explicit comments or requests. Kevin did things the other guys didnt dare. He would sit in class and expose himself, mooning the students or sometimes jerking off. Hed even pretend to hump the teacher when her back was turned. Many students and teachers thought this was warped behavior, but they let it slide. Teachers moved them along to keep them out of their hair and avoid the real issues. Students would laugh it off, not daring to go against the powerful Jocks. Guys had unchallenged power. Girls were especially careful not to go against the Jocks. They wouldnt speak against them or rat them out. Many of them acted as groupies, or Jockettes, as they were called. The Jocks would use some girls as party decorations, others for sexual release. Some girls acted as Little Mothers, baking cookies and taking care of the injured athletes. Others were sex toys. A girl who gave oral sex was hovering. If I guy knew he was going to receive oral sex, hed tell his friends and theyd hide in the room, out of sight from the girl, and spy on them. This was referred to as voyeuring. This was a favorite past time, as well as watching pornography. They would gather around the television set, watch porn and masturbate together; it was no secret. Their interest in porno might have also contributed to their aggressiveness toward females. Pornography is almost always about power and aggression.But these jocks were aggressive to begin withGirls were an easier target because they werent as strong as them, and they had been taught not to compain about how they were treated (page 183). The girls of Glen Ridge High School would giggle at and disregard the Jocks disgusting behavior. They learned to live under oppression. Many of them took it as a way of life. Others knew it was abusive behavior and it effected the way their thoughts of all men. All these behaviors were observed by Leslie Faber. Neurologically impaired, there was no way Leslie was able to even begin to comprehend what was going on around her. I cant even fully comprehend this. Leslie saw and heard things, but no one stopped to explain it all to her, to separate fact from myth and right from wrong. The jocks took advantage of this, as well as many other things. Somewhat of an athlete herself, she looked up to the jocks. She thought of them as her heroes. Like many other girls, she couldnt think of going against them. She was willing to do anything to become socially accepted. A baseball bat. A broomstick. A stick found in the park. Forced oral sex. Did she say no? No, she didnt. Did she say yes? No, she didnt. She just went along, never uttering a word, only crying silent tears. A group of jocks gang raped her, never once stopping to think of what they were doing. A few of them might have had thoughts of remorse, but it wasnt enough to stop what was going on. How could they have done something so brutal? Sure, they say she looked normal. Is that an excuse? Is that an excuse for anything that happened? Push aside the fact that she was mentally retarded. Would it have been okay to force a normal girl to give oral sex, to push a baseball bat into her, as well as a broomstick and a stick found in the park?! NO, its not. .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88 , .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88 .postImageUrl , .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88 , .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88:hover , .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88:visited , .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88:active { border:0!important; } .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88:active , .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88 .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3f08a8e384fb72f8e9a611e5ae42ef88:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Chad Vonder Haar EssayWhen word of this got around in the sick little town of Glen Ridge, it took weeks for someone to speak up. They saw the evidence, but they chose to ignore them. Partly because they didnt want to taint the town they treasuredwith scandal (page 493). Even when action was taken, everyone was skeptical. Who to believe? A mentally retarded girl who was never socially accepted or a bunch of aggressive, trouble making jocks? Oh, but those good boys, they couldnt possibly have done something wrong! Theyre handsome boys, so popular and well-liked. They come from well off white families. Accusations like these can scar them for life! Oh, what its like to have w hite privilege! And thats the way it was. The jocks were supported; the town didnt turn their backs. It was all Leslies fault. She had engaged in some sort of sexual activities before, hadnt she? She had made some sexually explicit comments before, hadnt she? Well, she asked for it. Leslie gave her side of the story, and when everyone learned of the gruesomeness that went on, most of the town still thought it was her fault. And so it went to trial. And even then, even after she had been brutally raped and gone through so much pain, embarrassment and anguish, Leslie still stuck with them. On the stand, she lied to protect them. I lied in court because if I tell the truth the boysll go to jail (page 432). She portrayed herself as a sexually experienced young woman, telling Zegas she had given many blowjobs before and knew what boys liked. If it was unable to determine that Leslie couldnt figure out what was right and wrong before, her conflicting stories would have done it. It was obv ious this young woman was confused. She didnt want to hurt her friends.And the verdict was decided. The jocks were found guilty. But still, Leslie lost. The Jocks were given light sentences and released on a small bail. Justice was served, in the legal sense, but not morally. And so, Glen Ridge continues to live in their glass bubble. But they are not alone. Thousands of these communities exist across the nation. I was able to make it through all 502 pages of Our Guys, but throughout the entire time, I fought feelings to put down the book and forget about it entirely. I truly found it disgusting. What bothered me most though, wasnt what happened or how, but the fact that I could believe it actually happened. The Jocks didnt invent the idea of mistreating young women. The ruling clique of teenagers adhered to a code of behavior that mimicked, distorted, and exaggerated the values of the adult world around them (page 493). We live in this society.

Prejudice in to kill a mockingbird

Prejudice in to kill a mockingbird It can be argued that the most prominent theme in 'To Kill A Mocking Bird' is prejudice. It is directed towards groups and individuals in the Maycomb community. Prejudice is linked with ideas of fear and injustice.There was surely no nation in the world that holds "racism" in greater horror than does the United States at the time. Fear and paranoia led to the Whites believing that the Blacks desired all the whites had, including their women.A mockingbird is a harmless bird that makes the world more pleasant. In To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee, the mockingbird symbolizes Boo Radley and Tom Robinson, who were both peaceful people who never did any harm.Boo Radley went through his life never wanting to hurt a fly. He left gum, pennies, and dolls for Scout and Jem. He sewed Jem's pants and left them on the fence so Jem could get them easily.English: Skinheads Against Racial Prejudice (unive...Scout on the other hand doesn't care abouthow much money Walter has but about his potential to be a friend. Shedoesn't let irrelevant things like money cloud her judgment of people.The most typical of all prejudice views is that of race. Anexample of this is during Tom Robinsons trial. Tom was a black man accusedof raping a white woman, a crime that is punishable by the death penalty.Even though all the facts proved that he didn't do it, the jury still foundhim guilty "beyond a reasonable doubt". Tom's life has been sacrificed toracism by the people who were there to protect him. The justice systemdidn't allow this man to have a fair trial because of the color of his skin.They disregarded his credibility or that of the other witnesses, all theycould focus on...

Reading Prompt 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reading Prompt 1 - Essay Example company provides â€Å"skilled nursing; physical, occupational, speech and neuro-rehabilitation services; hospice services; social work; nutrition; disease management education, help with daily living activities; and other therapies and services† (United States Securities and Exchange Commission, n.d.). Gentiva serves individuals either in their home or in a hospice facility. While offering this service throughout parts of the United States, provisions of social, emotional and spiritual treatment are made to maintain the individual’s health and dignity. While providing home fitness and hospital services to the people, the company no longer provides some services to many of their patients, for the business objectives of Gentiva are changing towards home care services, which have a higher potential of growth. In 2011 several sales and purchases were made, one of them being Rehab Without Walls, a homemaker services agency based in Illinois. The Company also purchased Odyssey Health Care, giving it 100% ownership to outstanding member units based in Augusta (United States Securities and Exchange Commission, n.d.). Odyssey Health Care, Inc. was established in 1995, and, after being purchased by Gentiva, grew very quickly. While this establishment is based in Dallas, Texas, it is considered one of the largest sources of hospice providers in the United States. According to its 2010 financial statement, Odyssey had a net income of $686,438 million dollars while Gentiva’s net revenues constituted $1,152,460 million dollars. The profit generated by the hospital was 396,774 million dollars, which is almost a half of what was generated by Gentiva, that is, $598,930 million dollars. During the merger with Odyssey, Gentiva paid $27 for each share that had been issued. In Arizona, California, Ohio and Texas, Odyssey has the greatest number of facilities and makes available every opportunity to it patients in their care. They satisfy all their needs including

Prolife When does life begin Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Prolife When does life begin - Research Paper Example And to put forward one probable response to this query. The query will be tackled principally from a scientific point of view. Science has a large number of things to say on the subject of when human life begins, and despite the fact that it is a section that is commonly misconstrued or thrown away, there are issues scientists make out concerning human progression (Johansen 8). This information is totally pertinent to whichever debate concerning human life. Every person who takes on a rigid outlook on the subject of the making of human life has a requirement to be alert of what is deemed as scientific truth, and to give a reason for this in their viewpoint, even if they incorporate this information into a wrap up dissimilar than that of the common, scientific society. Nowadays we know much more regarding the physical facets of human life than we distinguished even five years ago. It is reckless to keep on debating over the same matters, to select, to outline laws, and to arrive at ethical conclusions, exclusive of at least trying to acce ss the riches of information obtainable. Science necessitates not be in disagreement with individual or spiritual certainties. Science explores realism it looks for realistic and indubitable truths; accuracy is steady, and thus each piece of scientific know-how fits into one of two classifications: either it assists to clarify the truth, or it is in inaccuracy and thus it is technically defective and will in due course be invalidated. That is the magnificence of science: idyllically it is self-approving. Refuting an established theory is as a lot, if not more, of a scientific achievement than adding supporting substantiation. An elementary intention of science is to prove itself mistaken, and that is why it is such an idea area from which to collect information (Johansen 12). Proper science has no reason to misinform. The

Descartes and his Meditations on the First Philosophy Essay

Descartes and his Meditations on the First Philosophy - Essay Example He proves that nature is our teacher because it tells us what is right and wrong. Our intellect, understanding, and free will help us act upon what we have learned through nature and obtained through our senses. We then make judgments in life even though we don't have complete knowledge of anything and everything is doubtful and believe that God will pass the best judgment because God is all-knowing. Â  Descartes created his Meditations to unlearn everything and build stronger foundations for all the ideas that exist within humans. He said that often human beings make errors of judgment habitually and believe things without reason. He wanted to prove to the world that God exists not through religion or science but through a rationalized argument. In his meditations, Descartes discusses how we know that we exist as human beings, how the senses work, how we gain knowledge, make judgments and that God exists and is the best judge of all. Â  "Nevertheless, the belief that there is a God who is all-powerful, and who created me, such as I am, has, for a long time, obtained steady possession of my mind. How, then, do I know that he has not arranged that there should be neither earth, nor sky, nor any extended thing, nor figure, nor magnitude, nor place, providing at the same time, however, for [the rise in me of the perceptions of all these objects, and] the persuasion that these do not exist otherwise than as I perceive them (Descartes, Meditation 1, section 9) Descartes asks a critical question in the first meditation. He wonders if our mind is in God's control as is everything else in the universe how do we know if the universe really exists. The mind thinks and that is its only purpose. All the information gathered by our five senses is registered with our brain for us to know what we felt, saw, smelt, heard or tasted. We lose one of our senses if we lose that part of our body. For example, if a person loses his eye s he loses his sight and if a person loses his ears he loses his hearing. Everything in the body is connected to the brain, therefore, if one part of the brain is damaged, everything connected to it gets affected. The mind is the sensory treasure box. To think and to act are controlled by the mind. The mind is controlled by God as long as a person believes that there is a God and has created us. Therefore, it is absolutely possible that anything that mind observes and thinks maybe an illusion. We know there is a sky because we can see a sky; we know there is an Earth because we feel it under our feet. We know all of this because all signals we sense are shot up to our brain and processed so we know what we have sensed.

Case Study: Mathematics In Primary School

Case Study: Mathematics In Primary School During a childs early years it is vital to develop the cognitive and social skills that will allow them to generate a foundation of knowledge and a basic set of skills for learning, which can be applied and developed throughout the rest of their schooling and adult life. This begins with the parental and familial influence on the child and progresses through their Primary School years and interaction with teachers and peers. Communication between parents, teacher and child are therefore of vital importance. Without these ingredients, a child may not achieve their full potential. For the reasons noted above it is necessary to ensure that the mathematical ability of young pupils is well established in the early years setting. A number of recommendations which have implications for pupils and Early Years practitioners are made in the Williams report and will be reviewed below. The impact of parental influence on the developing child is immeasurable. As such it is critical to ensure that the mathematical ability of, and teaching method used by parents is sufficient to understand and teach their child in a way which is relevant to the current syllabus (parents mathematical skills may be weak or outdated). It is also important for parents to encourage positivity towards mathematics this is only possible if they are confident with mathematics themselves. Provision of programmes, such as Sure Start, Effective Provision of Pre-School Education and the work of Parent Support Advisors, aim to achieve this and should continue to receive funding to break the continuing cycle of negativity towards mathematics. It is the responsibility of the Early Years teacher, with specific regard to mathematics, to: Form effective bonds with pupils to affect their learning (one of the key features of Early Years Foundation Stage). Treat the child as a unique individual and adapt pedagogy accordingly, creating an enabling environment for all pupils. Generate interest in the subject matter. Provide basic skills in the core mathematical operations. It is suggested that learning goals should be expanded to include time and capacity. This seems a logical expansion of the core mathematical concepts and will allow for accelerated understanding of the more difficult concepts. Challenge the pupil and generate progression of knowledge, thinking skills and learning methods. However, the child must not be overloaded. Assess progress or lack thereof (allowing generation of the childs Individual Education Plan), provide intervention if necessary, supervise the intervention and correctly assess and acknowledge progress. Involve parents in the childs learning process and provide feedback, especially if the child needs extra support. This can bring the childs ability in-line with peers and prevent the child from falling behind. This is also important in the converse scenario; it is important to challenge a gifted pupil. Parents can be influential here. Assist in the generation of a positive attitude towards Mathematics for pupil and parent(s)/guardian(s). Ensure that the childs confidence is maintained and therefore retain the childs appetite for new learning. Therefore it is vital that teachers develop an effective pedagogy. This process begins with the development of teaching strategies through Initial Teacher Training (ITT) and is enhanced through continuous professional development (CPD). The application of effective pedagogy includes focusing learning appropriately (with guidance from the syllabus), creating realistic yet challenging and tailored educational aims, implementing a well honed teaching technique to achieve educational aims, supported by sufficient subject knowledge. Provision of quality teaching shares a linear relationship with the mean qualification level of all staff. Consequently it is suggested that the DCSF continues to increase the proportion of graduate practitioners in early years settings recognising the respective contributions of the Qualified Teacher. This provides further support for the direction of all staff toward CPD which should be tailored around childrens understanding of mathematical concepts and way s of learning. Effective Early Years mathematical pedagogy must support children in developing new skills, generating the ability to understand and analyse mathematical concepts, and eventually to evaluate and apply those concepts to problem solving tasks. The learning environment should make mathematics less stressful from an early age. With Early Years pupils in mind it is important to utilise play and daily routines to generate interest in numeracy and mathematical problem solving. Simple activities can carry a mathematical concept such as division by sharing, addition/subtraction in weighing activities, assessing shape etc. To continue the cycle, mathematical exercises must be fun to retain the childs interest and expand confidence. Involving peers in problem solving tasks expands social skills and provides partners for discussion whilst knowledge is improved. The head teacher and management team should prioritise and manage professional development opportunities to develop subject knowledge and pedagogy, through learning, coaching and mentoring initiatives for all staff members. It must be ensured that this is not detrimental to contact time. Williams review would encourage the inclusion of a mathematics component in the CPD programme for head teachers themselves. The head teacher must manage resources in-line with the advice of the management team regarding finance available for manpower and learning aids. It is appropriate for the head teacher to appoint subject leaders who become subject specialists, capable of training and supporting other teachers. Ultimately the head teacher and management team are responsible for demonstrating and coaching good practice to their staff. The head teacher should encourage their staff to deliver the curriculum content to emphasis connections between various mathematical concepts. It is important to note that mathematical concepts and the analysis and evaluation of these concepts cannot occur in the absence of English language skills. Pupils and teacher must be comfortable with mathematical language. Problems with language can cause a cyclical reduction of confidence which generates a lack of motivation and ultimately lack of progress. If the child does experience a difficulty in either numeracy or literacy, some form of intervention should be utilised to raise the attainment level of the child. This can be one of three waves of intervention based within the Primary National Strategy. The three waves are of increasing intensity and correlate largely with the group size requiring intervention. The Every Child Counts programme is delivered during wave 3 intervention and targets year 2 pupils who are not expected to achieve expected levels of attainment by the end of Key Stage 1. Currently in its second year of development, for national application in 2010-11, Every Child Counts aims to develop a highly effective numeracy intervention for young children with the greatest difficulties in mathematics (http://www.everychildachancetrust.org/counts/index.cfm). In support of this aim, Every Child Counts provides training and support for teachers. However, teachers must ensure that their CPD targets allow them to effectively deliver any intervention which they deem necessary for the pupils in their care. Understanding intervention, when it is necessary and its importance should be included within the content of ITT understanding of these factors in the early part of a teachers career allows them to apply the principles during delivery of high quality teaching tailored to each chil d on a daily basis (rather than as purely remedial action). As noted earlier, the childs familial and social situation impact upon their education. As such, the Every Child Counts programme is developed in line with the Every Child a Chance Trust which aims to maximise the achievement of children from socially disadvantaged groups. However, it is important to note that wave 3 intervention delivered through the Every Child Counts scheme is targeted at the 5% lowest attaining pupils nationally, not the lowest 5% in each school. This decision has to be based upon time and resources, the availability of specialists to deliver the intervention and costs of the aforementioned it is impossible to provide intervention for all. Unfortunately this leaves a number of pupils without the support they need. As such it must be a long-term target to provide intervention for more children to prevent disadvantaging one over another. According to the Williams report, wave 1 intervention involves quality first teaching in a daily mathematics lesson. This suggests that quality teaching of mathematics is provided only when remedial action becomes necessary, perhaps this is due to a lack of confidence of the teacher with mathematics. Regardless of the specific reason for this assertion, it has implications for teachers and trainee teachers. ITT and CPD courses must also ensure that their mathematical ability, and confidence with mathematics, is high. Furthermore, it is suggested that a Mathematics Specialist is employed to ensure delivery of high quality teaching in mathematics through support of teachers and assistance with intensive wave three interventions. Any intervention technique/programme has a number of essential components/considerations; (i) assessment, (ii) timing, (iii) duration, (iv) withdrawal from regular schooling, (v) group size, (vi) the intervention leader, (vii) intervention resources and (viii) parents. It is critical to continually monitor the progress of all pupils (in comparison with peers and themselves) in order to accurately assess the need for intervention. The assessment phase should highlight goals for and the likely timing of the intervention based on attainment, without negative impact upon the childs confidence in their achievements or ability. Continual assessment through the programme will update the duration of the intervention (determined during assessment. It is suggested that implementation of Every Child Counts is appropriate in Year 2 is timely and practical and will appropriately limit the pressure on Year 1 teachers and pupils. The supportive and corrective intervention programme must not be detrimental to, the need for the pupil to continue learning in other subjects. The intervention must also prevent isolation from peers. Wave 2 intervention is often able to ensure that pupils are brought up-to-speed with the rest of the class whilst receiving the remedial action they require. With this in mind, it is also important to consider the group size used in any intervention. As noted by Dowkers review of the research conducted by Denvir and Brown (1986b), pupils are more relaxed and positive when taught in a group but can often be distracted by others. This has been reflected in the research phase of Every Child Counts. The head teacher and staff must collaborate on the choice to stream children to support the provision of teaching which stretches all pupils. It becomes more difficult to tailor the intervention activities to the unique needs of each child if they are provided in a group session. Progress assessments can also become difficult if the child hides during comprehension activities. It is therefore necessary to balance the benefits against the consequences of group based intervention. The intervention leader and resources needed must be selected according to the level of support required to sufficiently increase attainment; delivery can be undertaken by the class teacher, teaching assistant, Mathematics Specialist (as suggested by Williams) or parents. Cost factors must also be considered, for example, it is more economical for a teaching assistant to deliver a group intervention than a highly qualified teacher or specialist to deliver one-to-one intervention. It is important to ensure that parents understand and are committed to the intervention and provide learning support at home. It is important for the head teacher to allocate time to assess progress of Year 2 pupils with teachers throughout the year allowing them to plan and manage the timetabling and allocation of/need for resources, including intervention resources. To summarise, best practice in teaching mathematics gives children an understanding and appreciation of mathematics. This requires and effective pedagogy which generates progression of knowledge and understanding. The teacher must be confident, inventive and possess excellent communication skills. ITT is central to developing these skills which should be supported by subject-specific Specialists and CPD programmes provided by the Head teacher. Quality teaching and Intervention and programmes such as Every Child Counts must be regarded as an investment in a childs abilities at an early stage to allow them to contribute positively to the economy in adult life. The head teacher and management team must consider the suggestion to employ and manage a Mathematics Specialist and recruit staff who can deliver effective teaching in collaboration with TAs and parents. Work referenced: http://www.everychildachancetrust.org/counts/index.cfm accessed on 30 August 2010

THE APPLICATION OF GOLDRATT?S THINKING Essay -- essays research papers

Allied Academies International Conference page 9 Proceedings of the Academy of Strategic Management, Volume 2, Number 2 Las Vegas, 2003 THE APPLICATION OF GOLDRATT’S THINKING PROCESS TO PROBLEM SOLVING Lloyd J. Taylor, III, P.E., Ph.D., University of Texas taylor_l@utpb.edu R. David Ortega, University of Texas ABSTRACT The â€Å"Thinking Process† as introduced Dr. Eliyah Goldratt, in The Goal and further expounded upon in, It’s Not Luck, is based on the Socratic teaching method of if †¦then reasoning. This type of deductive reasoning is extensively used in the field of medicine, in the diagnosis and treatment of disease and for determining clinical pathways and other fields of science. Even though medical professionals find it easy to map out the cause and effect relationships when dealing with a disease process, few have explored the benefits of using their highly developed intuitive thinking skills in the area of solving problems in management. This paper will detail the use elements of the Thinking Process, as outlined by Dr. Goldratt, in an attempt to elicit a logical, comprehensive solution to a multifaceted, intricate problem. INTRODUCTION The emphasis of this paper concerned it’s self with the Thinking Process brought to light, by Elli Goldratt. Goldratt feels that companies should not be broken up to create efficiencies at any part of production. He suggests that by disturbing a link in the chain of production one could cause problems with production (Goldratt 1992-c). GOLDRATT AND THE THINKING PROCESS In the 1980’s, Dr. Eliyahu Goldratt [1992-c], a physicist, wrote a book entitled â€Å"The Goal.† In his book, Goldratt relates the story of an embattled plant manager searching for ways to improve plant performance. With the help of an old college professor, the plant manager not only learns how to improve the performance of his plant but also a new method of identifying and resolving problems. Goldratt’s Theory of Constraints (TOC) focuses on the efficiency of all processes as a whole rather than the efficiency of any single process. The principles of the Theory of Constraints and the Thinking Process are not new to the world. They have been used for many years in the sciences and medicine. What is new is the fact that Goldratt has applied the process to manufacturing and other areas of the business world. Dettmer [1998], Lepore and Cohen, [1999] and Roybal, B... ... Haven Connecticut. Goldratt, E. M., (1992-a), "An Introduction to Theory Of Constraints: The Production Approach," Avraham Y. Goldratt Institute. Goldratt, E. M., (1992-b), "An Introduction to Theory Of Constraints: THE GOAL APPROACH," Avraham Y. Goldratt Institute. Goldratt, E. M., (1992-c), The Goal, (2nd revised edition), Massachusetts, North River Press. Goldratt, E. M., (1993) "What Is The Theory Of Constraints?" APICS The Performance Advantage, June 1993. Goldratt, E. M., (1994), It’s Not Luck. Massachusetts: North River Press. Lepore, D., and Cohen O., (1999), â€Å"Deming and Goldratt, The Theory of Constraints and the System of Profound Knowledge,† Great Barrington, MA, North River Press Publishing Co. Rack, Kevin, (1992), â€Å"Using The Theory of Constraints The Systems Thinking Approach† Managing Change Inc, December, pp.1-20. page 14 Allied Academies International Conference Las Vegas, 2003 Proceedings of the Academy of Strategic Management, Volume 2, Number 2 Roybal, H., Baxendale, S.J., and Gupta, M., (1999), â€Å"Using Activity-Based Costing and Theory of Constraints to Guide Continuous Improvement in Managed Care,† Managed Care Quarterly, 7, 1-10. THE APPLICATION OF GOLDRATT?S THINKING Essay -- essays research papers Allied Academies International Conference page 9 Proceedings of the Academy of Strategic Management, Volume 2, Number 2 Las Vegas, 2003 THE APPLICATION OF GOLDRATT’S THINKING PROCESS TO PROBLEM SOLVING Lloyd J. Taylor, III, P.E., Ph.D., University of Texas taylor_l@utpb.edu R. David Ortega, University of Texas ABSTRACT The â€Å"Thinking Process† as introduced Dr. Eliyah Goldratt, in The Goal and further expounded upon in, It’s Not Luck, is based on the Socratic teaching method of if †¦then reasoning. This type of deductive reasoning is extensively used in the field of medicine, in the diagnosis and treatment of disease and for determining clinical pathways and other fields of science. Even though medical professionals find it easy to map out the cause and effect relationships when dealing with a disease process, few have explored the benefits of using their highly developed intuitive thinking skills in the area of solving problems in management. This paper will detail the use elements of the Thinking Process, as outlined by Dr. Goldratt, in an attempt to elicit a logical, comprehensive solution to a multifaceted, intricate problem. INTRODUCTION The emphasis of this paper concerned it’s self with the Thinking Process brought to light, by Elli Goldratt. Goldratt feels that companies should not be broken up to create efficiencies at any part of production. He suggests that by disturbing a link in the chain of production one could cause problems with production (Goldratt 1992-c). GOLDRATT AND THE THINKING PROCESS In the 1980’s, Dr. Eliyahu Goldratt [1992-c], a physicist, wrote a book entitled â€Å"The Goal.† In his book, Goldratt relates the story of an embattled plant manager searching for ways to improve plant performance. With the help of an old college professor, the plant manager not only learns how to improve the performance of his plant but also a new method of identifying and resolving problems. Goldratt’s Theory of Constraints (TOC) focuses on the efficiency of all processes as a whole rather than the efficiency of any single process. The principles of the Theory of Constraints and the Thinking Process are not new to the world. They have been used for many years in the sciences and medicine. What is new is the fact that Goldratt has applied the process to manufacturing and other areas of the business world. Dettmer [1998], Lepore and Cohen, [1999] and Roybal, B... ... Haven Connecticut. Goldratt, E. M., (1992-a), "An Introduction to Theory Of Constraints: The Production Approach," Avraham Y. Goldratt Institute. Goldratt, E. M., (1992-b), "An Introduction to Theory Of Constraints: THE GOAL APPROACH," Avraham Y. Goldratt Institute. Goldratt, E. M., (1992-c), The Goal, (2nd revised edition), Massachusetts, North River Press. Goldratt, E. M., (1993) "What Is The Theory Of Constraints?" APICS The Performance Advantage, June 1993. Goldratt, E. M., (1994), It’s Not Luck. Massachusetts: North River Press. Lepore, D., and Cohen O., (1999), â€Å"Deming and Goldratt, The Theory of Constraints and the System of Profound Knowledge,† Great Barrington, MA, North River Press Publishing Co. Rack, Kevin, (1992), â€Å"Using The Theory of Constraints The Systems Thinking Approach† Managing Change Inc, December, pp.1-20. page 14 Allied Academies International Conference Las Vegas, 2003 Proceedings of the Academy of Strategic Management, Volume 2, Number 2 Roybal, H., Baxendale, S.J., and Gupta, M., (1999), â€Å"Using Activity-Based Costing and Theory of Constraints to Guide Continuous Improvement in Managed Care,† Managed Care Quarterly, 7, 1-10.

A Room With A View Essay

â€Å"A Room With A View† is a novel written by Edward Morgan Forster, in 1908. I will be analysing two different versions of the film and I will be comparing the first three establishing shots, as well as the kiss between George Emerson and Lucy Honeychurch, who is the main character. The first adaptation I will be analysing is by Merchant Ivory, who are most famous for their costume dramas. The second adaptation I will be studying is by Andrew Davies, who is famous for his small-screen adaptations of costume dramas and classical dramas. â€Å"A Room With A View† was written in 1908. Forster started planning this novel when he was travelling with his mother and aunt in 1901. At the time, he was 21 years old. When he went travelling, he thought of his future and his country. However, in the novel, he decides to look back to the reign of Queen Victoria- which ended in 1901. Charlotte Bartlett is portrayed as a backward looking character, who prefers the old-fashioned way of doing things. Lucy Honeychurch, however, likes to try out new things, but she does begin to feel slightly insecure. George Emerson, whom Lucy falls in love with, is also a forward looking character. The screenplay of â€Å"A Room With A View† is written by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala. The film was directed by James Ivory, and produced by Ismail Merchant. When Merchant Ivory had adapted â€Å"A Room With A View†, they assumed wide spread distribution. Merchant Ivory had a well-established reputation for costume drama, so they had to live up to their name. This meant that they employed lavish famous actors and actresses, such as Maggie Smith (Charlotte Bartlett), Helena Bonham Carter (Lucy Honeychurch) and Dame Judi Dench (Eleanor McLavish). The first five minutes of the Merchant Ivory adaptation show quite a lot. The film starts with the credits. The credits are accompanied with the music of the famous Italian opera singer, Puccini. In this particular type of music, a woman is singing. This is called soprano, however, it is also known as soprano aria. Aria means single voice singing, which is always a female voice. The credits are also accompanied with boxes, which have been decorated with Florentine motifs. In each of the boxes, there is a picture of an animal, which depicts a certain character. George Emerson, for example, is shown as a Ram, which shows he is quite a passionate, forward-looking character. In Merchant Ivory’s adaptation of â€Å"A Room With A View†, the first establishing shot that we see is the name of the hotel in which Lucy and Charlotte Bartlett are staying- Pensione Bertolini, in Florence, Italy. At first it may not seem like it, but this anticipates Merchant Ivory’s use of intertitle, which continues throughout the film. Intertitle was first used when films became a form of entertainment- as silent movies. When films first came into being, as we know they were silent. They used to proceed by a compromise by what was revealed by image and what was revealed by word onscreen. Sometimes the word would tally with the chapter title. Merchant Ivory used this technique in â€Å"A Room With A View†, in the whole film. They usually feature Forster’s preference for unusually long chapter titles. The second establishing shot is when Charlotte begins to complain about the room, as she and Lucy specifically asked for a room with a view. However, they received a room without a view. The shot begins when Lucy’s throws open the shutters, and is quite disappointed with what she sees, as her and Charlotte both expected a view of the River Arno. As Lucy opens the shutters, she looks much more disappointed with the view than Charlotte. This establishing shot also gives us an idea of what the characters are like. The clothes which are being worn by Lucy and Charlotte describe the characters to us. Lucy appears to be wearing a young modern dress, whereas Charlotte is wearing a Victorian-style dress. Between the second and third establishing shot, there is a tracking shot, which shows Lucy and Charlotte walking down the stairs on the way to the dining room. Merchant Ivory chose to do this, so the audience would become familiar with the hotel in which Lucy and Charlotte are staying. On the way to the dining room, there is a slight obstacle. This may signify the obstacles Lucy and Charlotte may come across, further on in the film. The third establishing shot takes place in the dining room. Lucy and Charlotte take their seats at their table and then a voice is heard. Dame Judi Dench, who plays Miss Eleanor McLavish, is identified by her voice. There is a panning out shot, which gives an impression of all the residents staying at the Pensione Bertolini. There is a momentary focus on Miss McLavish, who is identified by voice. Eye contact is then made between Lucy and George Emerson, which may be the start of a new romance. George makes a question mark on his plate from his leftovers, which he then shows Lucy. George Emerson is often associated with the question mark. This may show that he is the questioning type. After Charlotte and Lucy swap rooms with the Emersons, Charlotte spots a question mark, which has been drawn on the back of a picture hanging on the wall. George then walks in, turns the picture the right way round, and then leaves. The question mark which was made from the leftover food is an example of visual shorthand. It may signify him asking Lucy â€Å"what are we doing here with all these old people? â€Å". Andrew Davies adapted the same scene as Merchant Ivory, as to where the kiss between George and Lucy took place. The slopes of Fiesole are hills, located just outside of Florence. The scenes leading up to the kiss, start off when there is embracing between the cab driver and his â€Å"sister†. This scene acts as leitmotif, which anticipates the kiss between George and Lucy. When they arrive, the women are separated from the men. Lucy, Charlotte and Miss McLavish find a spot to sit down. Miss McLavish and Charlotte engage in deep conversation, which is the work of the producer. Lucy goes off to find Mr Beebe. As she does so, the romantic music by Puccini starts up again. Lucy goes back to the cab driver and asks him to take her to Mr Beebe. However, Lucy is not very good at speaking Italian, therefore when speaking to the cab driver, she accidentally asked for â€Å"the good men†. The cab driver and Lucy then walk onwards. Because of the slopes, Lucy uses her rolled-up umbrella to help her walk on the hills. Merchant Ivory deliberately focus on the rolled-up umbrella, which functions as a phallic symbol-male potency. Lucy then realises that the cab driver has accidentally taken her to George. She walks over to George to ask him of Mr Beebe’s whereabouts, but he grabs her and kisses her.

Lincolns Inspiring Speech Essays - Presidency Of Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln's Inspiring Speech Essays - Presidency Of Abraham Lincoln Daniel Kang Ms. Menard Honors English 8 30 March 2014 Lincoln's Inspiring Speech "The Gettysburg Address" given to the soldiers by Abraham Lincoln on November 19, 1863 was an inspiring speech that announced the honor and held the veterans of the war in high esteem. "Conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal" (Lincoln 1). Lincoln reiterates the fact that the Civil War is about the fact that "all men are created equal". "We have come to dedicating a portion of that field; as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live" (Lincoln 1). He brings up the numerous soldiers that died for their cause. We have made a place for them to let them know that they had fought for a great cause. "The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what we did here" (Lincoln 1). Lincoln rightfully says people of the next generations will never forget what had happened in the Civil War. He says we wouldn't remember this speech, but it is still fresh in everyone's mi nd even 150 years later. "It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us - that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause" (Lincoln 1). Lincoln doesn't want the soldiers' lives to be wasted on an empty cause. He wants everyone to help in fulfilling the cause the soldiers gave their lives for. This amazing and inspiring speech led the US to a slave free country.

My Happy Husband Essays

My Happy Husband Essays My Happy Husband Essay My Happy Husband Essay My Happy Husband In life, sometimes we meet new people who could change our lives for better or worse. I met my husband in the place that I work and since that day we have become the most inseparable friends in the world. I believed my husband is one of the happiest men alive: he is funny, positive, inspiring, spiritual, and friendly. He is a very funny person. All the time he has a positive attitude. He inspired me to be the best. He is a spiritual man. He is a friendly person. All these qualities make Christian so special. My husband is the most adorable man. He is quite good looking. He is six feet tall, weighs one hundred seventy seven pounds. He has a round face with small brown eyes, olive skin, and curly dark hair like many Spanish people. His hair is black with a fewer silver strands throughout. He speaks in a soft voice as if he was whispering, and constantly uses his hands when he speaks. He has a great sense of style, so he always looks well dressed even in casual clothes, and his cologne smells sweet but masculine. For me he is the most attractive man. Chris is the funniest person. My husband has no problem getting others to laugh with him. It is hard to have a bad day when the person that I spend my life with is constantly smiling because he looks at the problems from a different angle, and he is confident that he will find the solution immediately. For example, on Thanksgiving Day, we were on a road trip to North Caroline. My husband was driving for twelve hours, but he was making jokes the whole journey. That was very entertaining for the children. We thoroughly enjoyed this trip because the time passed so fast. His human entertains our friends, as well. Frequently we go out with our friends, and he is the center of attention because of his cheerful personality and entertaining way that he talks. One of his favorites remarks is â€Å"I take my wife to different parts of the world every year, but she still somehow manages to find her way back. † I just to hear that and laugh because he cannot move a muscle without me. I feel so proud of him because he always knows how to put a smile on my face. I believe that it is important to always have a positive attitude, and I learned from my husband to have a good point of view in any circumstances. His positive feeling is strong, and it can spread to the people around him. To explain, my husband has a stressful job, and everyday he gets up early to meditate because meditation makes him relax and positive. Even if I come home with a negative attitude, he frequently changes the way that I think because he makes me understand that nothing that happened outside can affect my positive thinking, and it is true. Also, he finds solutions rather than problems. He was weighing two hundred and twenty pounds, and one day he decided to lose weight. He started his routine with exercises and diet; he lost fifty pounds. He teaches everybody to not have fears. For this reason in any difficult or bad circumstances that we have, he always has a positive mindset with a wise solution. This positive emotion makes me to admire my husband more. I consider that my husband is the most inspiring man that I have seen. I am proud of Chris for achieving his goals and finishing his career as an Electrical Engineer. He motivates our children to be successful and great human beings. Moreover, he encourages us to finish and never give up and put a lot of effort in what we do. He also proves to his children that nothing is impossible, that we only need some motivation to accomplish our goals. Similarly for me, whenever I feel like giving up, or have a question or any concern, I know I can always ask him for advice. I have also learned that sometime I have to put other needs ahead of my own, but not to the point they will be to take advantage of me. Also, He is strong during hard times and extremely determined to achieve anything. I hold him in great esteem for how he stands up or for what he believes in, and he will never back down. I have always admired his open mind, compassion, and sense of understanding. In every aspect of my life my husband continuously pushed me too excel in everything that I want to do. He inspires me to start college, and he motived me to begin my new journey. He inspires me so much that now I am becoming a new person with different point of view. Furthermore, Chris is a very spiritual person. He often says, â€Å"spiritual is not only to be a religious people, it is to have peace between souls and mind. † These are not just words because he actually does what he meetings. As an example, he gets up early in the morning to meditate and pray to give thanks for the day. Meditation helps him to be calm and relaxed during the day, so if I ask something of him at any time, he does it without selfish interest. At some point I think nothing is bad for him. His friends always look for him when they have marital or work problems because they consider that he is the most appropriate person to give them good advice and keep secrets. Also, my husband has a passion to help people to learn how to be spiritual and know himself inside out. This quality is the most important attribute that he has. Christian is the friendliest man I have ever met. Anyone who knows him sees that he is absolutely outgoing with everybody. I am very lucky to have a good friend like him. I remember six months ago, when I thought he forgot my birthday because he did not call me, like he does every morning before I start working. When I came back home he had organized a wonderful party with my family and friends. He loves to make parties with a lot of people because he is a really sociable person. He is very unique. He constantly organize meetings at his work an invited all the people around the world. I am truly blessed to have in my life someone who is sociable and hospitable. Not only is Christian my best friend, but also he is the best friend for our sons. Concluding this essay, I can describe my husband as the happiest man in the world, and I see that this man is a very funny person. All the time he has a positive attitude. He inspires me to be the best. He is a spiritual man. He is my best friend. `What I would say to anyone who is unhappy is that you need to fix that; like my husband says, â€Å"happiness comes from within not without. † He is right. No one can make you happy, no one, but you. For all the reasons and comments that I share in this paper I think my husband is role model to fallow. 1225

Fight or flight Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Fight or flight - Essay Example In the case of Coleen Colombo and colleagues resisting mortgage fraud, it is a fight response. Colombo and his colleagues have perceived a threat in the form of mortgage fraud. The appropriate mode through which they have chosen to deal with this threat is through defending their interest. Resisting mortgage fraud is a fighting mechanism employed by Colombo and his colleague with the intention of going face to face with the exposed stress. The fight response has been enhanced by the fact that Colombo and his colleagues are aware of ways through mortgage fraud can be managed (Arnetz & Ekman, 2006). It was appropriate for Colombo and his colleagues to choose a fight response over a flight response. Mortgage fraud is an act that goes against normal, ethical practices. If Colombo and his Colleagues would have chosen the flight response, which would have meant that they are afraid of standing up for their rights. The decision to resist fraud has come as a result of Colombo and his colleagues ready to take the required measures in combating fraud. The measures, that they can use in this case as a fight response is demanding a refund from the mortgage company or reporting the matter to the police who will follow up with arrests (Kottler & Chen,

Distribution Channels and Strategies Research Paper

Distribution Channels and Strategies - Research Paper Example Logistics manage and govern various supply functions. Several activities form a part of logistics such as material handling and warehousing, inventory management, fleet and transportation management and hosts of other activities. Logistics bottleneck at any point may affect and strangulate the free movement of goods and in this sense, efficient and workable logistics is critical and necessary to keep distribution channel flooded with the goods so as to service consumer on time. Geographic location and area of coverage does affect the selection of distribution channels. Smaller the territory, fewer members in channel distribution can serve the purpose; however, as territory goes larger and distances increase, it becomes necessary to have more intermediate channel members for the efficient flow of goods. This also depends upon the nature of product that how fast the product is being consumed or whether it is perishable kind. The distribution channel would need more channel members alon g with proper logistics if the goods are fast moving and needs to be replenished in shorter duration so that channel does not go dry ever. Answer 2 There are two kinds of promotional strategies in marketing management and they are known as push and pull kinds of strategies to enhance sales of product or services. Push strategy uses very little or no advertising to get the products in the hands of consumer. In a push strategy, the company deploys their sales force and myriads of trade promotional means and ways to create demand for its product. Trade shows are most suitable places to push the product to the buyer. Push strategy is good when product is new and does not enjoy any brand loyalty; the market is flooded with many substitute products. Push strategy is also good when impulsive and unplanned buying is quite prevalent in the given product category. Push strategy also works well when consumer is well aware about the product. Dish washing detergents and other low-value products are good examples of push strategy. A push strategy is employed to sell the products or services directly to the customers bypassing entire distribution channel. Accordingly, push strategy is very well used in selling insurance products too. The characteristic of pull strategy is that it is directed toward consumers using a lot of promotional efforts such as coupons, free samples, and contests. In fact, pull strategy relies on high spending on advertisement and promotional means to create high consumer demand. Pull strategy works best when it is possible to differentiate the product with high brand loyalty in the chosen field. Usually, consumer involvement is also high in this category of products. The best example that can be given for pull strategy is the marketing efforts put by Proctor & Gamble in the marketing of personal care products such as creams, shampoos, lotions, sanitary napkins by providing free samples and coupons. Answer 3 ‘Noise’ can be defined as when too many advertising messages arrive in the market place regarding a product confusing the buyers to make their buying decisions. Consumers terminate these messages as 'noise' because they do not get any reliable and meaningful information necessary for their buying decisions. It is important to identify the situation that what is being conveyed in the marketplace and how seriously consumers take these messages. Any further messaging in the similar line will not evolve any favorable results